Taboo populations, foods, and restrictions of Nebivolol
Nebivolol, as a selective beta 1 receptor blocker, is contraindicated for specific disease states and physiological stages, while also requiring attention to drug interactions and dietary restrictions. The following provides a systematic explanation from three aspects: classification of taboo populations, taboo foods, and comprehensive restrictive conditions.
1. Absolute taboo group
(1) Patients with severe bradycardia: It is contraindicated for those with a baseline heart rate of less than 50 beats per minute or second degree or higher atrioventricular block, as it may worsen heart block.
(2) Patients with cardiogenic shock: Negative inotropic effects of drugs may worsen hemodynamic status.
(3) Severe bronchial asthma: may induce bronchospasm, contraindicated during acute attacks.
2. Relatively taboo population
(1) Liver dysfunction: Children Pugh B/C grade patients need to reduce their dosage, and severe liver damage should be avoided.
(2) Psoriasis patients: may worsen skin lesions, and the benefit risk ratio needs to be balanced.
(3) Pregnant women: Animals show fetal toxicity, human data is limited, use only when necessary.
3. Taboo foods and drinks
(1) Grapefruit products: may inhibit CYP2D6 metabolic enzymes, increase blood drug concentrations, and pose a risk of adverse reactions.
(2) High potassium foods: When using potassium sparing diuretics in combination, it is necessary to limit the intake of bananas, orange juice, etc. to prevent hyperkalemia.
(3) Alcoholic beverages: enhance central inhibitory effects and may exacerbate symptoms of orthostatic hypotension.
4. Special Restrictions
(1) Preoperative management: Medication should be gradually stopped 72 hours before elective surgery to avoid anesthesia synergy.
(2) Exercise restrictions: Avoid vigorous exercise during the initial stage of medication and be alert to hypotensive reactions after exercise.
(3) Driving operation: When experiencing dizziness or blurred vision, mechanical operation should be paused.
5. Drug interaction limitations
(1) Calcium channel blockers: Combination use of verapamil may cause severe bradycardia and require ECG monitoring.
(2) Insulin preparation: it may cover the symptoms of hypoglycemia, and diabetes patients need to adjust the hypoglycemic program.
(3) MAO inhibitors: Use at least 14 days apart to prevent abnormal blood pressure fluctuations.
Disclaimer：《Taboo populations, foods, and restrictions of Nebivolol》Edited and sorted by Seagull Pharmacy's editors. Please contact us in time if there is any infringement. In addition, the suggestions for drug usage, dosage and disease mentioned in the article are only for medical staff's reference, and can not be used as any basis for medication！