Medical Information

Mekinist, as a MEK inhibitor, commonly has side effects including skin reactions, cardiac toxicity, and eye problems, which need to be alleviated through regular monitoring and targeted measures. Below is an explanation of common side effects classification and corresponding mitigation methods.

1. Skin related side effects

(1) Rash/acne like dermatitis: The incidence rate is about 57%. It is recommended to use non-alcoholic moisturizers and avoid irritating skincare products. In severe cases, local or oral antibiotics should be used for treatment.

(2) Photogenic reaction: Strictly protect against sun exposure (SPF ≥ 30), wear protective clothing, avoid exposure to sunbathing equipment, and seek medical attention immediately if new skin lesions occur.

2. Cardiovascular system side effects

(1) Left ventricular dysfunction: Cardiac function should be evaluated before treatment, ejection fraction should be monitored during medication, and medication should be suspended if breathing difficulties or lower limb edema occur.

(2) Hypertension: Regularly monitor blood pressure. If dizziness, headache, or blurred vision occur, antihypertensive treatment is necessary, and the dosage may be adjusted if necessary.

3. Eye side effects

(1) Retinal vein occlusion: Sudden visual impairment requires immediate discontinuation of medication and referral to ophthalmology. Regular fundus examinations can detect lesions early.

(2) Serous retinopathy: characterized by blurred vision or central opacities, mostly reversible after discontinuation of medication, and in severe cases requiring intravitreal injection therapy.

4. Systemic side effects

(1) Fever: If the temperature is above 38 ℃, medication should be suspended to rule out infectious factors. After symptomatic use of antipyretic drugs, consider reducing the dosage and restarting.

(2) Diarrhea: Mild diarrhea can be treated with oral rehydration therapy, moderate to severe diarrhea should be treated with antidiarrheal medication and medication should be temporarily suspended. Be alert to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

5. Special monitoring requirements

(1) Baseline examination: including electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, ophthalmic examination, and skin assessment. Women of childbearing age need to confirm their pregnancy status.

(2) Regular follow-up: Heart function should be rechecked every 2-3 months, and creatine kinase levels should be tested when muscle pain/weakness occurs.