What is Lenvatinib? Detailed Introduction
Lenvatinib is an oral multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Eisai Corporation in Japan. It is mainly used to treat malignant tumors such as thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma, and has broad-spectrum anti-tumor activity and significant clinical efficacy.
1. Basic Information
(1) Drug category: Multi target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), belonging to small molecule targeted anti-tumor drugs.
(2) R&D company: Developed by Eisai Corporation of Japan and first approved for market by the US FDA in 2015.
(3) Administration method: Oral capsule preparation, once daily administration, convenient to use.
2. Mechanism of action
(1) Target inhibition: Selective inhibition of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases such as VEGFR1-3, FGFR1-4, PDGFR α, RET, and KIT.
(2) Anti angiogenesis: By blocking the VEGF signaling pathway, it effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis.
(3) Direct anti-tumor: interferes with multiple signaling pathways related to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.
3 Indications
(1) Thyroid cancer: Used for radiation-induced iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, significantly prolonging progression free survival.
(2) Hepatocellular carcinoma: first-line treatment for unresectable advanced liver cancer, with an objective remission rate superior to traditional drugs.
(3) Renal cell carcinoma: Combination therapy with everolimus for advanced cases that have previously received anti angiogenic therapy.
4 Clinical efficacy
(1) Liver cancer treatment: The REFELECT study showed a median overall survival of 13.6 months and an objective response rate of 24%.
(2) Thyroid cancer: The risk of disease progression is reduced by 79%, and the median progression free survival is 18.3 months.
(3) Renal cell carcinoma combined with everolimus resulted in a median progression free survival of 14.6 months.
5 Adverse Reactions
(1) Common reactions: hypertension, proteinuria, diarrhea, fatigue, etc., most of which are controllable.
(2) Serious reaction: Possible arterial thrombosis, abnormal liver function, etc., requiring close monitoring.
(3) Management strategy: Dose adjustment and symptomatic treatment can effectively control adverse reactions.
6 Clinical advantages
(1) Broad spectrum anti-tumor: effective against various solid tumors, with continuously expanding indications.
(2) Combined potential: Combined use with immune checkpoint inhibitors can enhance therapeutic efficacy.
(3) Convenient medication: Oral administration improves patient compliance and quality of life.
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