Medical Information

When treating BRAF mutant melanoma with cabozantinib, it is important to pay close attention to its potential toxicity to multiple organs such as the heart, liver, eyes, and skin. Closely monitoring these adverse reactions during treatment is the core link in ensuring medication safety.

1. Cardiomyopathy

1.1 Regular monitoring: Before treatment, 1 month after the start of treatment, and every 3 months thereafter, left ventricular ejection fraction should be checked by echocardiography.

1.2 Risk management: If LVEF significantly decreases from baseline or falls below the lower limit of normal, medication should be suspended. After recovery, decide under the guidance of a doctor whether to restart at the original dose or at a reduced dose.

1.3 Symptom recognition: If new or worsening respiratory distress, fatigue, lower limb edema, or palpitations occur, immediate medical evaluation of cardiac function should be sought.

2. Hepatotoxicity

2.1 Monitoring indicators: Serum transaminase and bilirubin levels should be monitored monthly before and during treatment.

2.2 Dose adjustment: If there is a significant increase in transaminase levels or evidence of liver cell damage, administration should be suspended. After recovery, consider reducing the amount and restarting.

2.3 Serious reactions: If there are signs of drug-induced liver injury or liver failure, the medication should be permanently discontinued immediately.

3. Retinopathy

3.1 Symptom recognition: Visual impairments such as blurred vision, photophobia, flicker sensation, or color vision changes may occur.

3.2 Ophthalmic examination: If any new or worsening eye symptoms occur during treatment, an immediate ophthalmic evaluation must be conducted.

3.3 Treatment principle: After being diagnosed with retinal lesions, medication should be suspended until symptoms improve. Reduction should be considered when restoring use.

4. Skin toxicity

4.1 Common manifestations: In the early stages of medication, rash, photosensitive reaction, dry or flaky skin may occur.

4.2 Daily protection: During treatment, strict sun protection should be applied, broad-spectrum sunscreen should be used, and protective clothing should be worn.

4.3 Grading treatment: Mild to moderate rash can be treated symptomatically (such as with moisturizers or topical hormones); Severe cases or the occurrence of blisters, ulcers, etc. should be temporarily suspended or reduced, and skin care should be strengthened.