Side effects, relief methods, and medication precautions of ViiV Healthcare version Cabotegravir
The side effects of Cabotegravir mainly include allergic reactions, liver dysfunction, and psychiatric symptoms, which can be alleviated through symptomatic treatment and dosage adjustment.
1. Common side effects and treatment
(1) Allergic reactions: About 3% of patients develop a rash, and severe cases may progress to Stevens Johnson syndrome. When a widespread rash with mucosal damage occurs, the medication should be stopped immediately and antihistamines or corticosteroids should be given for treatment.
(2) Abnormal liver function: 5-8% of patients have elevated ALT, and those with hepatitis B infection have a higher risk. It is recommended to monitor liver function before treatment and every 3 months. If ALT is greater than 5 times the upper limit, the medication should be permanently discontinued.
(3) Psychological symptoms: including insomnia (2%), depression (1.5%), etc. Individuals with a history of mental illness need to undergo enhanced psychological assessment, and if symptoms persist, consider changing medication.
2. Relief of serious adverse reactions
(1) Emergency treatment for allergic reactions: In case of vascular edema or difficulty breathing, immediately administer 0.3-0.5mg of adrenaline intramuscularly and transfer to the emergency department for treatment.
(2) Hepatotoxicity management: Suspend medication when ALT>3 times the upper limit, and supplement with liver protection treatment; After returning to normal, treatment can be restarted with a 50% reduction under the guidance of a doctor.
(3) Elevated creatine kinase: When accompanied by muscle pain or weakness, it is necessary to check for rhabdomyolysis, suspend medication, and replenish water. After the CK value returns to normal, evaluate and reapply medication.
3. Medication precautions
(1) Drug interactions: Do not use in combination with potent CYP3A4 inducers (such as rifampicin); Take antacids and iron supplements with a 2-hour interval to avoid decreased absorption.
(2) Special population: Benefit risk ratio needs to be evaluated during pregnancy (Class B); Prohibited during lactation period; For patients with severe liver damage, the oral dose is halved, and injectable forms are prohibited.
(3) Injection type management: After the first 600mg intramuscular injection, there may be injection site reactions (17% pain), which can be relieved by hot compress. It needs to be connected with the 4-week oral intake period.
4. Daily monitoring requirements
(1) Baseline examination: HIV resistance testing, liver function, kidney function, and mental status assessment must be completed before treatment.
(2) Regular follow-up: Monitor liver enzymes, creatine kinase, and CD4 count every 3 months; When symptoms of depression appear, it is necessary to increase the frequency of psychological assessment.
(3) Self observation: Pay attention to new rashes, darkened urine color, or emotional changes, and report any abnormal symptoms to the doctor in a timely manner.
Disclaimer：《Side effects, relief methods, and medication precautions of ViiV Healthcare version Cabotegravir》Edited and sorted by Seagull Pharmacy's editors. Please contact us in time if there is any infringement. In addition, the suggestions for drug usage, dosage and disease mentioned in the article are only for medical staff's reference, and can not be used as any basis for medication！